Polyethylene glycol (PEG-400)

What is Polyethylene Glycol (PEG-400)?

PEG-400, also known as polyethylene glycol, is a hydrophilic polymer composed of ethylene glycol units. It is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid with an average molecular mass of 400. It is part of the polyethylene glycol family, a group of polymers that can range from low to very high molecular masses (sometimes more than 35,000). Due to its relatively low molecular mass and hydrophilic properties, PEG-400 is highly soluble in water and many organic solvents. Polyethylene glycol is known as a chemically inactive and water-attracting substance.

Properties and uses of Polyethylene glycol (PEG-400)?

In general, polyethylene glycols are highly soluble in water. The solubility is influenced by the length of the molecular chain and the molecular mass (in this case 400). These properties also determine the colour of the substance: at a molecular mass below 600 g/mol, polyethylene glycol is colourless, while at higher molecular masses it takes on a white, solid form.

Applications in Cosmetics

In the cosmetics industry, polyethylene glycol is often used as a moisturizer. It helps retain moisture in products such as creams, lotions and hair care products. It also serves as a solvent for active ingredients such as fragrances, vitamins and oils. By stabilizing and mixing these ingredients, it ensures that cosmetic formulas work consistently and effectively. In addition to its role as a solvent, PEG-400 is also a stabilizer that improves emulsions. This prevents the water and oil components in products such as makeup and face creams from separating. It is also a thickening agent and can improve the texture and spreadability of cosmetic products.

Applications in Laboratories

In laboratories, polyethylene glycol is widely used as a solvent and reagent. Its excellent solubility in water makes it suitable for a wide range of chemical syntheses and biomedical experiments. In addition, PEG-400 is compatible with a wide range of chemical compounds, making it a popular choice among researchers. PEG-400 also plays an important role in the stabilization of cells and proteins. It protects biological samples from dehydration and temperature fluctuations. It is also often used in cryopreservation, where it protects cells and enzymes from damage during the freezing process. Another common application is in filtration and separation techniques, which are used in biotechnological and chemical analyses.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS – FAQ

Is PEG-400 safe for use on the skin?
In general, PEG-400 is safe for use on the skin. It is also used in various cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. Please note that although it is safe for most people, some people may still be allergic to it. Always test on a small area of skin first to be sure. How long does the product last?
Polyethylene glycol has a long shelf life, usually up to 2 to 3 years , if stored properly. To maintain quality and effectiveness, it is important to store the product in a cool, dry place and keep the packaging closed.

Can I dissolve PEG-400 in water?
Yes, PEG-400 is highly soluble in water and also mixes well with many organic solvents.

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